The Development Of The Abrahamic Religions Over Time Is

The development of the Abrahamic religions over time is due to the splintering and the beliefs of many people concerning the deity status of some of the profits, this leads to a differing in the value placed upon the teachings of said profits. The development of Catholicism and Islam led to the differing in opinion on many issues and the religious commentary provided by St. Augustine in Confessions and in the Islamic religious text, the Qur’an. These texts, both deal with many particular topics that overlap a particularly decisive subject is that of human nature and this is down to tone key concept that is central to many discussions and explanation in both texts, Original sin. The existence of original sin is central to many religions and†¦show more content†¦The explanation given by Augustine is that these are clear examples of original sin and the inherent nature of humans since as children begin to age these behaviors slowly dwindle and become almost nonexistent i n adults as in normal society such actions would be looked upon harshly. â€Å"Yet we look leniently on such things, not because they are not faults, or even small faults, but because they will vanish as the years pass. For, although we allow for such things in an infant, the same things could not be tolerated patiently in an adult.† (Augustine). The reverence in the text is apparent when Augustine states that this is clearly by a divine creation and although sin is a human creation, humans gain wholeness and purity by following the scriptures. Then Augustine continues by begging forgiveness for that portion of his life, but feels the responsibility for this lies with no one, as he had no consciousness of his wrongdoing. This is a belief that holds strong today in the Catholic Church and draws to the original commentary of Augustine. The ideology has developed over time and modern teaching states that it has no discernable trait, for example, temper tantrums, but instead is t he lack of holiness gained by those who seek it in baptism. â€Å"Although it is proper to each individual, original sin does not have the character of a personal fault in any of Adam s descendants. It is aShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Bahai Faith1292 Words   |  5 PagesThe quest for salvation is emphasized in many religions because of the dichotomy that exists in their eschatology. Eschatology is the study of the end of time in this earthly world. In many religions such as Zoroastrianism, Abrahamic Religions, and Buddhism, when a human passes from this world he is either judged deserving of God’s salvation or punished for not being virtuous. There is no gray area. By studying a religion’s unique â€Å"soteriology†, its beliefs about how humans can achieve salvationRead MoreSimilarities and Causes for Unfamilirity between Christianity and Islam1566 Words   |  7 PagesA religion can be thought of as a paradigm comprised of dogmas, cultural structures, a nd world views that govern the connection between an order of being and the human race. The majority of religions use cultural narratives, iconography, and sacred histories to elucidate the radix and meaning of not only life but also the universe. Devotees of a certain religion derive their morals, values, beliefs, and life choices from their respective indoctrinated convictions. Currently, there are approximatelyRead MoreEuthanasia Essay1474 Words   |  6 Pagesthere are many contemporary ethical issues pertaining different religions throughout the globe. These issues have been around for many years and are still quite debated in today’s society. One of the most controversial issues is wither euthanasia is right or wrong. Euthanasia is an ongoing topic in religions throughout the world and each carries their own personal beliefs on the topic. In order to understand how the different Abrahamic religious beliefs vary on this controversial topic it is importantRead MoreJudais m, Christianity, And Islam1087 Words   |  5 Pagesbest known and most widely practiced religions today, and have had enormous cultural, ideological, and historical impact on the peoples of every continent. Arguably more so than any other ideological systems, Abrahamic religion has been among the most influential forces in human history. The shared elements of their traditions have allowed them to develop in part through a multi-faceted dialogue with each other. These faiths, despite sharing a common Abrahamic background and a belief in a single all-powerfulRead MoreDifferences Between Christianity And Islam1152 Words   |  5 Pagesbest known and most widely practiced religions today, and have had enormous cultural, ideological, and historical impact on the peoples of every continent. Arguably more so than any other ideological systems, Abrahamic religion has been among the most influential forces in human history. The shared elements of their traditions have allowed them to dev elop in part through a multi-faceted dialogue with each other. These faiths, despite sharing a common Abrahamic background and a belief in a single all-powerfulRead MoreEthics And The Principles Of Ethics1608 Words   |  7 PagesEthics have been a part of human beings for over five thousand years yet the development of specific concepts and theories were not realized until around 400 B.C.E. with the ancient Greek philosophers (Argosy University, 2015). Since this time, ethics have been thoroughly examined and developed throughout the course of history; the results of which continue to change and evolve as our understanding of ethics and cultural views evolve. Although we may not always realize it, ethics are somethingRead MoreThe Argument Against Transhumanism : Religion1469 Words   |  6 PagesTranshumanism The biggest opponent to transhumanism is religion due to their fundamental views on life. Religion has played a large part in our culture, especially the Abrahamic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam that believe in a single, all powerful God. Because of the popularity and deep rooted history of these religions, their central beliefs on what it means to be human have become ingrained in our subconscious. Abrahamic religions view death as a natural part of life and as a step towardsRead MoreThe Religions Of The Middle East934 Words   |  4 PagesAbrahamic religions, religions that derive from the biblical character Abraham, have three main religions in the group. The first, and oldest, is Judaism, founded several thousand years ago in the Middle East; then there is Christianity, the most popular religion in the world, which was founded shortly after the death of Christ; finally, there is Islam, the second most popular religion in the world, founded by the prophet Muhammed in the 7th century ACE. Islam has over one billion followers of theRead More what is theology Essay995 Words   |  4 Pagesanything? According to the encyclopedia, it is related to the Greek Religion. In Christianity, the systematic study of the nature of God and Gods relationship with humanity and with the world. Although other religions may be said to have theologies, this is a matter of controversy within, for instance, Judaism , which holds that God is unknowable. This article will therefore confine itself to Christian theology. The development of theology in Christendom arose from the need for educated ChristiansRead MoreConfucianism : Religion Or Philosophy? Essay1074 Words   |  5 PagesConfucianism: Religion or Philosophy? Most ancient philosophical ideas developed in the ancient Chinese empires are believed to have their roots from Confucius. Confucianism was a simple way of life propagated by Confucius around the fifth and sixth century BC. Often perceived as a religion and other times as philosophy, it is conceivably best unspoken as a comprehensive humanism that neither slights nor denies heaven. The Chinese populaces have devotedly observed Confucianism for nearly two millennia

Khrushchevs Time in Office Essay - 1447 Words

Khrushchevs Time in Office Immediately after World War II, there were serious threats of a war with Russia. Events around the world sparked conflict between the two nations. In each conflict tensions were high and the possibility of nuclear war was present. The American policy of repression was the driving force behind their position in almost all cases. For the Russians, the objective of most of these incidents was to expand their sphere of influence. Spheres of influence were an important concept during the Cold War. Russia fought to spread the idea of Communism to other nations in the East while the United States fought to prevent its spread. But in reality, both nations were†¦show more content†¦The first challenge to this arrangement occurred in 1953, when the powerful Beria planned a coup. However, Beria, who had made many enemies during his bloody term as security chief, was arrested and executed. After the elimination of Beria, the succession struggle became more delicate. Malenkov found a frightening rival in Khrushchev, who was elected as first secretary in September 1953. Of peasant background, Khrushchev had served as head of the Ukrainian party organization during and after World War II, and he was also a member of the Soviet political elite during the late Stalin period. After a poor showing by light industry and agriculture, Malenkov resigned as prime minister in February 1955. Because the new prime minister, Bulganin, had little influence or real power, the leaving of Malenkov made Khrushchev the most important figure within the collective leadership. At the 20th Party Congress, held in February 1956, Khrushchev further advanced his position within the party by disapproving Stalin’s crimes in a dramatic secret speech. He revealed that Stalin had subjectively settled thousands of party members and military leaders, thereby contributing to the initial soviet defeats in World War II. With this speech, Khrushchev not only distanced himself from Stalin and his close associates, but he also rejected the dictator’s use of terrorShow MoreRelatedEssay on Nikita Khrushchev1575 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough Khrushchev’s tolerance of creative works wavered during his years of leadership, the new cultural period, known as the quot;thawquot;, represented a clear break with the repression of the arts under Stalin. amp;#9;After the Twentieth Party Congress, Khrushchev continued to expand his influence, although he faced opposition. Khrushchev’s rivals in the Presidium, hastened by potentially threatening economic reforms and the de-Stalinization campaign, united to vote him out of office in JuneRead MoreThe Short Term Significance Of De Stalinization On Russian Politics And Society2176 Words   |  9 Pagesleader that controlled Russia for 30 years â€Å"Since not everyone yet understands what the personality cult led to in practise and what immense damage was done† (â‚ ). The second speech was given in 1961, he speech had taken place in order to introduce Khrushchev’s polices and also again to criticize the action of Stalin, as a result of this â€Å"The central Committee resolved that his body was to be removed from its place alongside Lenin in the mausoleum on Red Square†(â‚…). Names of places that were set by StalinRead MoreThe Cuban Missile Crisis Dur ing World War II1350 Words   |  6 Pagesyears after. The United States greatly feared the spread of communism beginning with the first Red Scare during World War I and adopted the containment policy after the second Red Scare to prevent further spread of communism. Tensions peaked at an all-time high during John F. Kennedy’s presidency, (1961-1963) along with the Soviet leadership of Nikita Khrushchev and the Nuclear Arms Race. Tensions were so high that the world could have potentially entered World War III with the outbreak of the CubanRead MoreUS Actions in World War I 880 Words   |  4 Pagesdefenses down. It would also be possible that people would be angry with him for committing espionage during peace time. Khrushchev also did not admit that he knew of the U-2s for the sake of making Russia still appear strong and able to defend themselves against outside powers. Also, to protect himself from his own government, who would jump at the sign of weakness and kick him out of office and take over for themselves. Another question asked by many researchers is what was President EisenhowersRead MoreThe Cold War And Its Effects On The Soviet War1343 Words   |  6 Pagespolitical landscape, economic climate change and religious beliefs all factored into the Cold War due the fact that it lasted nearly 5 decades. 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Applying Marxism to contemporary issues of work and employment Free Essays

string(201) " role of the nobles or the owner of production and sweatshop workers take the role of peasants, exploited for their cheap labour in order for the TNCs to gain maximum profit and inevitable more power\." Introduction Marx’s extensive writings about society, economics and politics, hold that all society progresses through class struggle. He was particularly critical of capitalism. Marx argued that current society is run by the wealthy middle and upper classes purely for their own benefit and predicted this would produce internal tensions (and eventually self-destruction and the rise of a new form of society, socialism). We will write a custom essay sample on Applying Marxism to contemporary issues of work and employment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Marx’s ideas of ownership of production, alienation and power relationships may play a key role in explaining contemporary issues in work and employment such as lack of job security, having a voice within the workplace and discrimination. As stated in â€Å"The workplace and social democracy in the post-crisis age†, the financial crisis and recession have caused a change in attitudes towards employment relationships. More now than ever employees worry about job security. Marx belonged to a period of industrial society, whereby factories had thousands of employees all under one authoritative figure, the Boss or Manager. Job Security in this era was not a massive issue as it is now in contemporary times. The Joseph Rowntree Foundation in 1999 published the results of Job Insecurity and Work Intensification survey and showed that job insecurity had steadily been rising since the second world war. The majority of job insecurity lay in the manufacturing industries and blue-collar workers during the 1970’s and 1980#s but at the beginning of the 1990’s professional and managerial workers had their first great exposure to job insecurity. The information age which we now live in has cost many civil servant s their jobs, due to streamlining of systems through computer technology. White collar workers were much less prepared for the changes affecting their occupation. Because redundancy had never occurred to these workers before, the idea of unemployment caused most to experience anxiety and insecurities. Some argue this is an overreaction when compared to the bigger issue of insecurity experienced by the working classes (Giddens, 2009). Anxieties from job insecurities can lead to â€Å"loss of control† and a link has been made between job insecurity and poor overall health (Burchell et al, 1996). This feeling of helplessness against impending unemployment can be explained by Marx’s theory of alienation. Blauner (1964) argued that the introduction of automation to factories has reduced worker alienation. Automation has helped to â€Å"integrate the workforce and gave workers a sense of control over their work that had been lacking with other forms of technology†. E vidently having a sense of ownership towards your work and feeling part of a community diminishes alienation and in turn will diminish any sense of job insecurity: as workers will feel their role within the workplace is needed. Richard Sennett (1998) conducted a study of workers in a bakery which had an automated high-tech production line. Ironically none of the workers were actually bakers but workers trained in how to use the machinery, but only how to use the machinery. The â€Å"bakers† had no physical contact with the bread at any point. Computers decided every aspect of the baking process. However, despite the workers being skilled with computers, not one was trained in how to fix the computers when they broke, causing massive disruption amongst the production line. Sennett found that the workers wanted to be useful and fix the computers but did not because the automation had destroyed their autonomy. Computer technology within the workplace has not only led to an incre ase in workers’ skills but also a group of clerical, service and production workers who lack autonomy in their jobs, are alienated from their work, and lack job security. Another issue concerning work and employment in the UK currently is the movement of work. In a bid for maximum profit, some companies have moved the work from its country of origin to developing countries, where the work is cheaper. Now British companies such as Primark and Matalan have been accused of exploiting workers in these other countries because of their extremely low pricing. It is widely known that transnational factories in developing countries use sweatshop conditions, child labour and pay exploitative rates of pay. Any codes of conduct put in place are either sneakily avoided or completely disregarded altogether: â€Å"research consistently revealed an inadequate, if not poor, level of integration of CSR and Code compliance responsibilities in the internal structure of MNEs and suppliers† (ILO, 2003). However, as wrong as we may think this is, it could be argued that there has just been a shift in location of exploitation. Marx argued that the bourgeoisie, or the owners of production, exploited workers during the period of feudalism. Society was divided into peasants who worked on the land and nobles who were paid in terms of both crops and labour in return for protection, during this period wages were practically unheard of. For Marx, owning land and being able to take food from peasants if fundamentally different from being a peasant working on the land. Peasants (according to Marx) were a group with shared interests and attitudes and nobles were another. This still applies to today’s world of transnational corporations (TNCs). TNCs open factories in developing countries where cheaper labour can be found. The motives between TNCs and nobles are not all that dissimilar. Although TNCs have the resources to choose where to place their factories, such as technology, money and power, whereas nobles were born into a position of power and had no desire to move as they were meant to serve a duty to protect the fundamental relationship betw een owner and producer are still the same. Nobles wanted to extract maximum surplus and gain power, peasants wanted to be free or at the very least have more to eat. The introduction of towns and technology created a possibility for â€Å"free† labour it actually only led to new classes such as bankers and guilders and thus created new conflicts. In modern day society Marx’s theory of class conflict and exploitation is still relevant. TNCs take the role of the nobles or the owner of production and sweatshop workers take the role of peasants, exploited for their cheap labour in order for the TNCs to gain maximum profit and inevitable more power. You read "Applying Marxism to contemporary issues of work and employment" in category "Essay examples" Increasing intensity of international competition, particularly from Far Eastern countries, where wages are lower, weakens unions’ bargaining power (Western, 1997). In the early development of modern industry, workers had little or no political rights and very little influence over the conditions of work in which they were employed. Unions were developed in order to restore this imbalance of power between workers and their employees. Through Unions workers influence within the workplace was considerably increased. Originally, unions were set up as defensive organizations; workers could stop any overwhelming power that employers enforced on workers’ daily lives. Now, workers have negotiating rights with employers (which means they can press for economic benefits and any problems within the workplace can be discussed). Unions have essentially enabled workers to have a voice within the workplace and in turn have helped the working classes battle through their struggle with the bourgeoisie, as Marx highlighted. â€Å"Of all the classes that stand face to face with the bourgeoisie today, the proletariat alone is a really revolutionary class. The other classes decay and finally disappear in the face of modern industry, the proletariat is its special and essential product.† Marx depicted the working classes as in a constant resistance to acquire a voice/power and the introduction of Unions, especially the dramatic influence Unions gained after the second world war, has made this a possibility. However, alongside international competition, there are several other factors that have created a fall in union density within industries. High levels of unemployment due to recession in the world economic activity, particularly during the 1980s has weakened the bargaining power of labour and the introduction of right-wing governments such as Margaret Thatcher in 1979 led to an aggressive assault on unions throughout the 1980s. These attacks on unions can be seen replicated in the recent conservative coalition government as well. But possibly the most prominent of union failings was seen during the National Union of Minors strike in the UK in 1984-5. Marx believed that â€Å"the proletariat †¦ is a revolutionary class† and that at some point the working classes would rise against the owners of production. However, this is unlikely to occur any time soon. Union membership has declined considerably in industrialized countries and right-wing governments are not the only source of blame. High unemployment and more flexible production decrease the force of unionism (unionism works well when many people work together in large factories and there is a collective atmosphere). Having considered this though, Unions are highly unlikely to disappear. Workers individually have very little say or power when it comes to their employment and rely heavily on unions to provide this type of support. The collective strength that unions give t o workers enables the proletariat to carry on with their struggle against the bourgeoisie and as long as unions continue to work hard in stabilizing their position within the economic and political sphere then trade unions are likely to be here to stay. However, the chances of their ever being an uprising as Marx has suggested in his writings is dubious. Dwindling memberships to unions suggest people are losing faith in union support and this implies that workers have almost given up in their â€Å"struggle†. One of the aims of unions is to eradicate discrimination within the workforce. Discrimination in the workplace has always been a recurring issue. Gender divisions within the workplace have never been eradicated, nor has ethnicity (not fully anyway). Divisions of labour between genders have been evident in humanity for thousands of years. Inequality in modern day society is seen as wrong. From an economic view point not making use of everyone’s maximum potential regardless of their gender, class or ethnicity is wasteful. From a Marxist perspective, societies that have inequality will suffer. But for women, it can be questionable if women are in the job market at allWomen suffer from a dual burden (Young, 2000). In modern society women are expected to maintain a job whilst dealing with domestic chores and childcare. Because of these responsibilities thrust upon women, women are more likely to be found in certain job sectors which tend to be low in status. Women are more likely t o be found in â€Å"poor quality† jobs (part time, temporary, low pay, long hours, unpleasant, few benefits). Again this seems unlikely to be choice (or not â€Å"free† choice) but some have argued that these jobs reflect women’s preference for jobs compatible with home life and child care. Marxist feminists argue that men benefit from family life at the expense of women. Women as mothers are pressured by culture to have children and to take time out of the labour market to bring them up. These children become the workforce of the future at little or no expense to the capitalist class. This also benefits men, because it means that women cannot compete on a level playing field for jobs or promotion opportunities if their first priority is looking after children. But this male dominance is not universal. Some men are even discriminated against in the workforce due to their class or ethnicity. Factors such as language skills intervene causing racial preferences wit hin the workplace. The â€Å"job application culture† we live in requires individuals to give off first impressions that dazzle, however many companies look for image or whether you would â€Å"fit† in to the company. Not having UK qualifications may make applications harder (if an employer does not recognise a level of qualification he is likely to disregard it). Ethnic minority groups come under discrimination, however not all the time and not everywhere. In some companies whereby international relations are crucial to their business, languages skills may come in useful. But still discrimination occurs, whether it is gendered or ethnic. Arguably not making full use of a persons’ skill is wasteful. Economically it should not matter who a person is or what a person looks like for a job to get done. And Marx, in this instance, is correct in stating that not making full potential of every worker will cause society to suffer. Not just at the level of the company, b ut also at the level of the individual. Bibliography: Blauner, R. (1964) Alienation and Freedom (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press) Burchell, B. Et. al (1996) â€Å"Job Insecurity and Work intensification: Flexibility and the Changing boundaries of work† (York: YPS ILO (2003) â€Å"Business and code of conduct implementation: how firms use management systems for social performance† (Geneva: ILO), mimeo Jameson, H. 22 March 2011, â€Å"The Workplace and social democracy in the post-crisis age†, Policy Network, http://www.policy-network.net/articles/3981/The-workplace-and-social-democracy-in-the-post-crisis-age, Accessed 25th March 2011 Marx, K. Communist Manifesto. Sennett, R. (1998) The corrosion of character: The personal consequences of work in the new capitalism (London: Norton) Western, B. (1997) Between classes and market: Postwar Unionization in the Capitalist Democracies (Princeton: Princeton University Press) or put poshly – appropriate the fruits of our labour but here is the problem according to marx in the evil capitalist system the capitalist (the factory owner) pay the exchange value of labour for an individuals service which is only enough to keep him alive but the capitalist gets the use value of his labour (the total value of the labour) or put poshly – appropriate the fruits of our labour but here is the problem according to marx in the evil capitalist system the capitalist (the factory owner) pay the exchange value of labour for an individuals service which is only enough to keep him alive but the capitalist gets the use value of his labour (the total value of the labour) How to cite Applying Marxism to contemporary issues of work and employment, Essay examples

Social Media Research Centre-Application Development Free-Sample

Question: Prepare Project Charter and Communication Plan. Answer: Title of the Project Social Media Research Centre Application Development Details of the Project Manager Name of the Project Manager: PrMr Email Address of the Project Manager: PrMr@smrc.com Project Duration The duration of the project will be a maximum of 8 Months. High Level Project Budget The allocated budget for the execution and completion of the project activities will be AUD 50,000. The setting up of the social media research centre along with the development of its application will be comprised of several project activities. The cost categories that will be involved will include the ones associated with application design and development, cost of the project resources, tool costs along with testing and closure costs (Focacci, 2011). Project Objectives The application that will be developed for social media research centre will be done in the form of a web portal which will be a web site. The project would aim at development of the web site as per the expectations of the research students and staff members such as professors, guides and mentors. The web site shall allow all of the users to take complete advantage of the information that will be put across by the web site under several research areas and research topics (Mallery, 2011). High Level Scope of the Project Ability to allow the end users with the ability to access research details such as research information, topics, past work done and likewise on a single platform. Ability to allow the end users to gain entry to the web site by allowing them to log in to the same. The application shall be comprised of the updated research details at all times. The application for social media research centre shall be composed of the system qualities such as reliability, supportability, adaptability and performance. Project Deliverables Project Charter: A detailed report focusing upon the details of the initiation phase such as high level scope of the project, key assumptions, limitations, constraints and Measurable Organization value (MOV) Communication Plan: A detailed report on the communication methods and techniques that will be followed during the project timeline (Cho, 2016) Project Plan: A detailed planning document focusing upon the information covered in the planning phase such as resource management, risk management, scope management, time and cost management. Application Code: It would be the source code of the application that is the web site for social media research centre Application Design: It would be the design aspects of the application that is the web site for social media research centre Defect Report: This report will list out the defects that will be detected during the testing phase and will include the defect name, defect description, defect status and priority. Completion Report: This deliverable will mark the end of the project and it will elaborate all the activities that will be completed in the project. Benefits of the Project to the Organization There will be numerous benefits of the project for the organization as the customer base of the same will grow with the services offered by the application that will be developed during the project. The application will offer qualities such as availability and usability which will enhance the performance and the same will also allow the organization to gain a competitive edge in the market (Dutot, 2016). Limitations There are some of the areas and tasks that will not come under project responsibilities and activities. Any of the tasks related with third-party dealings and supplier or vendor negotiations, contract management and likewise will not be included. Also, the project lifecycle will not include the activities around advertising and marketing. Measurable Organizational Value: MOV Impacted Areas Organization The most impacted area will be the organization itself as it will be able to generate new values in the market and will also become capable of providing enhanced services to the customers. Customer The next most impacted area will be the customers as they will be able to experience services of better quality. Social The impact on the social aspects will also be quite significant as there will be numerous entities that will be associated with the project and the organization such as external vendors, suppliers, partners and many more. Financial Financial aspect will also have an impact as the costs will come down in the areas of operation and resources. Strategy Adaptation of the automated systems will also impact the strategy that would be followed in the organization. Values Attribute Value Better Revenues Market Reputation Customer Satisfaction Faster Turnaround time Exception Handling Cheaper Operational Cost Do more Spread of services MOV Metric Type of Stakeholder Expectation of Stakeholder Target Project Sponsor Enhancement in the processing speed along with improved performance in the market leading to increased levels of customer satisfaction It is targeted to increase the processing speed by 33% with increase in market performance and satisfaction levels by 37% End User - Research Students Enhanced turnaround time for the response to the queries around research work Improvement in turnaround time by 43% Partners of the Organization Lesser operational costs Decrease in the costs of operations by 31% End User - Research Guides and Mentors Enhanced turnaround time for the response to the queries around research work Improvement in turnaround time by 43% Employees of the Organization Ease of operation and enhancement of processing speed of operations Use of automation in at least 80% of the operations and services Acceptance Criteria of the Project The deliverables that will be provided in the project will be provided on the following dates. Project Charter: 2nd May 2017 Communication Plan: 1st June 2017 Project Plan: 1st June 2017 Application Design: 112th July 2017 Application Code: 11th September 2017 Defect Report: 17th October 2017 Completion Report:1st December 2017 The entire project has to be completed in a period of eight months. The entire project activities shall be finished under the budget of AUD 50,000. Assumptions Constraints of the Project The entire project has to be completed in a period of eight months. The entire project activities shall be finished under the budget of AUD 50,000. Availability of the resources will be in accordance with the required effort with resource availability as 45 hours per week. Project Sponsor will provide the specifications and requirements along with the funds for the project. Stakeholder List Project Owner/Sponsor Partners of the Project Research Students and Staff Project Manager System Developer System Designer Application Tester Implementation Engineer Technical Analyst Lessons Learned There have been instances in the past that the similar projects have not been able to achieve their business objectives due to occurrences associated with a number of project risks in terms of the time, cost and resources. Such occurrences have had severe negative impacts on the projects and have also impacted their delivery and completion (Nelson, 2005). There will be measures that will be taken in this case in order to make sure that the risks, deviations and delays may be prevented and avoided at every stage. One of the major steps that will be taken towards it would be testing of the project activities all throughout the lifecycle of the project which is otherwise included after the development phase. Also, there will be evaluations that will be carried out by the management and technical experts to make sure that the progress is being made as per the specified techniques and methods (Maravilhas, 2016). Charter Sign Off The sign on the project charter will be provided by the sponsor of the project Name: Signature: Communication Plan Purpose of the Plan The primary purpose of the plan will be to come up with approach and strategies in association with internal and external communication so that an integrated framework of human and non-human resources is formed for the success of the project. The plan would contribute in the removal of ambiguities and enhancement of understanding of the resources. Stakeholders Identification Project Sponsor/Owner The communications with the Project Sponsor will be enhanced as the sponsor will be made available with the status report of the project on a weekly basis. This report will be sent by the Project Manger and it will comprise of the project status, list of defects and overall progress made during the week. Also, there will be discussions in the form of weekly meetings with the sponsor on the progress and other details (Williams, Lewis, 2008). Project Resources The resources of the project will be the prime entities that will be involved with the project and the success of the project will also depend upon these resources. There will be modes of communication that will be provided for internal discussions and external discussions to the project resources. Partners The primary discussion and passage of information to the partners of the organization and the project will be provided by the sponsor. The major discussions will take place with the representative of the internal resources as the Project Manager. End Users The end users will be made available with the end product in the form of a developed web application and alerts will be created upon the completion of the same (Papulova, 2016). Information Sharing Communication will be essential for sharing the information as well as the information will flow between the internal as well as external entities. The internal project resources will be provided with the shared information associated with the various aspects of the project such as specifications, cost, schedule, tracking of resources, guidelines, methodologies and likewise. The external entities will be mainly interested in the project progress and the status along with the main defects that will be encountered. Information Exchange - Frequency The status of the project will be communicated with exchange of the status reports internally and externally. The internal exchange will be done daily and the external exchange will be done weekly. Information on the progress, conflicts and disputes will be exchanged internally through team meetings and team discussions that will take place daily in the morning. External meetings will occur between Project Manager and Project Sponsor at the end of the week. There may also be occurrence of risks or priority work during the project which will be discussed and exchanged with immediate meetings. Information Exchange Location External communication will take place with sponsor and partners over the emails, tele-conferencing mediums and the files will be shared by placing them on the SharePoint location. Internal communications will take place through emails, phone conversations and audio or video conferencing as well. Purpose of Communication The primary purpose of project communications will be to come up with approach and strategies in association with internal and external communication so that an integrated framework of human and non-human resources is formed for the success of the project. Communication activities would contribute in the removal of ambiguities and enhancement of understanding of the resources (Wilson, 2004). Communication Mechanism There are several mechanisms that can be used in the project for enhancement of the communication platforms. Internal communications will be completed with the aid of modes such as emails, phones and teleconferencing mediums with in-person meetings in the organization meeting rooms. The external communication mechanisms that will be used will include teleconferencing and emails. Change Management There may be a number of changes that may come up during the project lifecycle at any of the project stages. It is often observed that these changes lead to a lot of re-work and involvement of too many resources during the project. It is therefore essential to come up with the methodologies and preparation efforts to handle these changes with perfection and with the ability to incorporate them with ease. The change management approach that will be followed in this project will include the phased and step by step approach. The changes will be defined in the form of change request document approved by the project owner or sponsor. The document will describe the change and its requirement along with the resources that will be required in the same. The resource allocation will then be performed followed by implementation of the changes (Brady, 2008). Meeting Agenda Meetings will be essential during the project lifecycle and will have significance internally as well as externally. These meeting that will be conducted internally and externally will have the following agenda: The meetings shall be conducted in order to understand the project progress along with the status of the project. The meetings shall aim at the resolution of the conflicts and disputes associated with the project. The meeting shall aim at the problem solving and decision making abilities along with the creation of new concepts and ideas. The meetings shall involve active participation from the project resources and shall be facilitated by the Project Manager. The meetings shall include the use of polite tone even in discussion and explanation of the associated project conflict or any matter of dispute. The meetings shall be conducted as per the ethical and professional codes of conduct. The meetings shall be conducted in order to enhance the project quality along with that of the activities involved in the project. References Brady, M. (2008). Analysis of a public sector organizational unit using strategic and operational analysis tools. Knowledge And Process Management, 15(2), 140-149. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kpm.305 Cho, S. (2016). Raising Seoul's global competitiveness: developing key performance indicators. Journal Of Public Affairs. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pa.1628 Dutot, V. (2016). Social media and business intelligence: defining and understanding social media intelligence. Journal Of Decision Systems, 25(3), 191-192. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12460125.2016.1187704 Focacci, A. (2011). Corporate Social Responsibility performance assessment by using a linear combination of key indicators. International Journal Of Business Governance And Ethics, 6(2), 183. https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbge.2011.039968 Mallery, M. (2011). Project Management Portal (PMP) from the University of Washington Information Technology Wiki - https://wiki.cac.washington.edu/display/pmportal/Project+Management+Portal. Technical Services Quarterly, 28(3), 365-367. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07317131.2011.574546 Maravilhas, S. (2016). Social Media Intelligence for Business. International Journal Of Organizational And Collective Intelligence, 6(4), 19-44. https://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijoci.2016100102 Nelson, J. (2005). Corporate governance practices, CEO characteristics and firm performance. Journal Of Corporate Finance, 11(1-2), 197-228. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2003.07.001 Papulova, Z. (2016). Role of Strategic Analysis in Strategic Decision-Making. Procedia Economics And Finance, 39, 571-579. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2212-5671(16)30301-x Williams, W., Lewis, D. (2008). Strategic management tools and public sector management. Public Management Review, 10(5), 653-671. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14719030802264382 Wilson, A. (2004). How process defines performance management. International Journal Of Productivity And Performance Management, 53(3), 261-267. https://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17410400410523792

Hamlets View and Treatment of Women free essay sample

In William Shakespeares play Hamlet Hamlets treatment and ideas of women are influenced greatly by his mother, Gertrude. His jealously causes him to become infatuated with his mother and she becomes the main symbol of women for Hamlet throughout the play. When she betrays him it forces Hamlet to have a negative opinion towards all women. Hamlet is obsessed with the betrayal by his mother, which causes him to mistreat woman in general and leads to his eventual tragedy. After the death of King Hamlet, Queen Gertrude is forced to remarry to Hamlet’s uncle, Claudius. Hamlet is furious with his mother’s hasty marriage and believes she should be grieving much more than she is. It is extremely difficult for Hamlet to accept the fact that his mother was able to replace his father so quickly. From this marriage Hamlet only thinks poorly of his mother and becomes obsessed with the betrayal she has demonstrated. We will write a custom essay sample on Hamlets View and Treatment of Women or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After putting on a play which obviously bothered the king, Gertrude invites Hamlet into her closet to discuss the matter. During this time Hamlet allows all of his built up emotions to finally be expressed: â€Å" Nay, but to live in the rank sweat of an enseamed bed, stew’d in corruption honeying and making love over the nasty sty! † (3. 4. 91-94) Hamlet begins to discuss, in great detail, the idea of his mother in bed. These sexual thoughts of his mother consume Hamlets mind, and demonstrates the idea of the Oedipus Complex. The Oedipus Complex is a theory that children Lee 2 subconsciously have sexual desires for the parent of the opposite sex. The hasty marriage between his mother and uncle perhaps trigger the hidden sexual desires Hamlet is having towards his mother. It is not uncommon for the child to have feelings of hatred towards the parent of the same sex, and Hamlet appears as more as an envious lover than a worried son: Ere yet the salt of most unrighteous eyes, she married- O most wicked speed! To post with such dexterity to incestuous sheets! (1. 2. 155) Hamlet is upset with his mother for forgetting so quickly about his fathers death and believes this new marriage soils the memory of King Hamlet. From this marriage Hamlet mostly focuses on thoughts of his mother with Claudius, and this consumes his conscience. He holds his mother in high regards and does not understand why Gertrude cannot control her sexual desires. It is clear that this new marriage sparked something deep within Hamlet. It obviously drew out feelings of the Oedipus Complex from his subconscious because Hamlet even goes so far as too tell his mother to not sleep with Claudius anymore. Now his mother’s betrayal paints a tarnished picture of all woman in Hamlet’s mind. Nowadays people like to look at a mans relationship with his mother to see how he will handle other woman in his life. Hamlet is a prime example of how a sons treatment of his mother reflects how he will deal with the woman he loves. Hamlets treatment of his mother is a parallel to his treatment of Ophelia. It is clear Hamlet is infuriated with his mother and uses Ophelia as an outlet to express this. As Gertrude plays with Hamlets emotions, Hamlet does the same with Ophelia. From this we see his relationship with Ophelia suffer. The obsession Hamlet has with the betrayal of his mother causes his relationship with Ophelia to deteriorate greatly. Hamlet obviously takes all of the frustration he has towards his Lee 3 mother out on Ophelia. This is most clearly shown in Act 3, Scene 1 where he begins to attack and insult Ophelia out of nowhere: â€Å"Get thee to a nunnery† (3. 1. 121) Hamlet, being as witty as he is, is using â€Å"nunnery† as a slang term for brothel. He quite simply calls Ophelia a whore. Perhaps Hamlet is finally releasing the negative feelings he as for Gertrude more severely towards Ophelia. Hamlet believes Ophelia belongs in a whorehouse merely because of the bad impression of all women that Gertrude has illustrated in his mind. Hamlet continues with his mercilessness insults: â€Å"Why, wouldst thou be a breeder of sinner? † (3. 1. 121) Hamlet says that if anyone ever were to marry Ophelia, she would only give birth to sinners. Hamlet continues the unexplained attack. All of Hamlets abuse comes out of nowhere and completely takes Ophelia by surprise. When Ophelia returns Hamlets gifts and lies to his face about the plan Polonius has hatched any image of love Hamlet has is destroyed. Ophelias loyalty to her father proves to Hamlet his negative theory towards women because he feels she is being dishonest to Hamlet. The seriousness of Hamlet and Ophelia’s relationship is never fully explained, but it is obvious they share some feelings for each other. After her death, Hamlet is distraught. While watching her funeral he approaches her brother, Laertes, and Hamlet shares that he really did love Ophelia: â€Å"I loved Ophelia. Forty thousand brothers could not with all their quantity of love make up my sum. † (5. 1. 262) It is proven that Hamlet had genuine and strong feelings for Ophelia, but he allowed the obsession with his mothers betrayal to consume his mind and evidently ruin his relationship with her. Hamlet and Ophelias relationship is destroyed because Hamlet cannot help to believe that Ophelia will end up treating Hamlet like Gertrude treated King Hamlet. It is not until Ophelias death that Hamlet realizes his true feelings for her since he was so blinded by the anger towards his mother. Lee 4 Apart from Ophelia, the betrayal of his mother causes Hamlet to have a negative view of women in general. During this time it was not uncommon for woman to be viewed as lesser, but this feeling is intensified for Hamlet as his mother is now the main symbol of all woman for him. Once she betrays Hamlet she becomes a beacon of negativity for women in Hamlets eyes: Frailty, thy name is woman. (1. 2. 146) His bitterness towards women leads him to believe they are all dishonest and untrustworthy. To Hamlet they are characterized as fragile and submissive and he sees them as much more weaker than men: Why, what an ass am I! This is most brace, that I, the son of a dear father murderd, prompted to my revenge by heaven and hell, must, like a whore, unpack my heart with words and fall a-cursing like a very drab, a scullion! (2. 2. 58) Hamlet is implying that since he has not avenged his fathers death he is a coward, like a woman. It is obvious that women did not have the same rights as men and were viewed differently during this time, but Hamlets opinion of them is impacted greatly by his mother. Gertrude is the most important woman in Hamlets life and is the main image of all women for him. When she remarries Hamlet sees her as disloyal and disrespectful. As she is the main woman in his life, Hamlet cant help to believe that his is how all women behave. Hamlet allows his mothers decisions to be the basis of all of womens characteristics in society. Once he is betrayed by his mother, he believes that any women he will marry will do the same to him, and that leaves a negative view of women in Hamlets mind. In conclusion, the infatuation Hamlet has with his mothers betrayal diminishes his view of women and causes him to treat them poorly. Hamlets main motive towards the harsh treatment of his mother is jealousy and anger. Hamlet uses his mother as an outline for all Lee 5 women and this alters his view and treatment of them as well. He fears that they will betray him like his mother did and cannot shake this thought from his conscience. This obsession with his mothers betrayal ultimately impacts any of Hamlets relationships with females and his general view of women.

How basketball began

How basketball began James Naismith was Canadian physical education instructor who invented basketball in 1891, at Springfield College at Y.M.C.A training school. James Naismith under direction of American phys-ed specialist Luther Haisey Gulick, invented the indoor sport of basketball.The first formal rules of basketball were made in 1892. First, they played dribble with a soccer ball up and down a court of unspecific dimensions. Points were earned by throwing the ball into a peach basket. Iron hoops and hammock style basket were introduced in 1893. Another 10 years passed before they decide to put-open end nets to the pratice off manually retrieving the ball from the basket each time scored.1959 James Naismith was enlisted into the basketball of fame, which were called Naismith Memorial Hall of Fame.There were 13 rules of basketball were written by James Naismith, The following were:1. The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands.English: James Naismith Polski: James Naismith2. The ba ll may be batted in any direction with one or both hands, but never with the fist.3. A player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, allowance to be made for a man running at good speed.4. The ball can only be by hands. The arms or body must not be used for holding it.5. No shouldering, holding, pushing, striking or tripping in any way of an opponent. The first infringement of this rule by any person shall count as a foul; the second shall disqualify him until the next goal is made or, if there was evident intent to injure the person, for the whole of the game. No substitution shall be allowed.6. A foul is striking at the ball with the fist, violations of Rules 3 and...

Capital Market Efficiency Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Capital Market Efficiency - Assignment Example Public companies are able to support various projects through corporate social responsibility. These projects have a significant role in improving the living standards of the people in the society. On the other hand, increased certainty on the future prospects strengthens the competitive position of the company in the market (Moyer, McGuigan, & Rao, 2015). This makes it possible for the firm to diversify its operations and even invest overseas in order to reduce the risks and uncertainties associated with focusing on a single market. Question 3An efficient portfolio is one that brings in the highest returns with the lowest risks for any given return (Moyer, McGuigan, & Rao, 2015). An efficient capital market enables the present value of the future cash flows to be indicated in the current prices of the securities. As a result, the information would be significant in enabling the investor to select the best portfolio to invest in which have the lowest risks. This would enable the inve stor to make immense returns. In many cases, management team consult the shareholders on capital budgeting and capital structure decisions because of the risks associated with these decisions. However, managers can make these decisions in case they are certain about the outcome. This is through consulting professionals and insuring the decisions in order to be compensated in case they incur losses. Efficient capital market provides both the firm and the investor with real time information (Moyer, McGuigan, & Rao, 2015).

Fundamentals of Marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Fundamentals of Marketing - Assignment Example enjoys significant brand reputation, it is important to engage in road shows to enhance popularity of products especially to promote its numerous innovations (Solomon et al. 2011). 5.0 Conclusion 11 This paper critiques the marketing strategy of Apple Company in Australia. It is a US multinational company dealing in a wide range of technology products and services such as computers, mobile phones, software, computer peripherals, media auxiliaries, and networking services among other electronics. The company has accomplished rapid growth in the consumer electronics market as part of its brand extension strategy. It presents an industry overview, environmental analysis and the marketing strategy of Apple, which also includes how the 4-Ps of marketing mix is applied. The paper highlights some recommendations on the appropriate measures to be undertaken to improve the company’s marketing performance in the next 1-3 years. Marketing is a significant process that helps businesses to effectively interact with customers for the purpose of understanding their needs and creating the desired value. An organization that satisfies the needs of its customers is able to maintain profitability and long term sustainability. It is important that the operating environment is understood to enhance development of a successful marketing strategy. A company needs to select the right marketing mix that gives it a competitive advantage over competitors. Environmental analysis is important as it presents an overview of the micro and macro-environmental factors that influence a company’s competitiveness in the market. The marketing strategies applied by different companies are focused on maintaining a competitive advantage in the market. Effective segmentation, targeting and positioning enhance the overall success. The 4-Ps in marketing mix represents Product, Price, Place and Promotion, which are essential in satis fying consumer needs and enhancing profitability (Kim & Meyers-Levy,

Describe how lesson pacing may vary based on specific student Essay

Describe how lesson pacing may vary based on specific student characteristics and complexity of the content - Essay Example There has to be a change in the pace of delivering lectures from the teachers. Otherwise, the lesson will become monotonous. The students will be uninterested in learning the lesson. The teacher may change the pace and impart various activities to rouse interest in the minds of the students. The teacher may induct certain activities or take small tests. This breaks the monotonous cycle of the lesson and imparts something new. A teacher may use interesting references from other books to make the lessons more interesting. Pacing of the lessons is an important criterion for the students to learn. It has been observed that the students learn more if the pace of the delivery of lessons is fast. This means that the students are supplied with more materials to learn. The â€Å"Academic learning time† for students is a small percentage of the total available time. The learning time for the students is only about 17% of the total available time. Therefore, to impart maximum amount of knowledge it is essential for the teachers to follow a brisk pace in teaching the students. It has been observed that the students learn more with brisk pace. However, the efficiency of pacing depends upon the teachers imparting knowledge to the students. The effective teachers tend to cover more in a short period. The less effective teachers are left to cover most of the curriculum in the later part of the course and cannot provide the students with enough time to practice. This makes the students less efficient in the lessons, which makes an important effect on their progress. (Time management, n.d. pp. 4-7; Teaching tip 18, n.d.: Pacing, n.d.) Again, it has to be kept in mind that students may not be open to take the knowledge imparted to them in the short time frame. Therefore, though the teachers may look to finish the lesson in a short period but it may not be useful for the students at all. Therefore, pacing has to develop by

Impacts Of Industrial Urbanization On Working People History Essay

Impacts Of Industrial Urbanization On Working People History Essay Urbanization is a social process in which a countrys organized communities become larger, more specialized. There are both negative and positive consequences of this process. It involves a lot of economic , technological demographic, political , environmental factors and it is inevitably accompanied by other changes in society. Before moving on to industrial urbanization and its impacts , history and life of native people would be discussed. A lot of Native peoples lived by hunting and gathering. Agriculture was established between the Iroquoian groups (Huron, Iroquois, Petun, Neutral).Clothing was provided from fur bearing animals and silver and copper was used to make ornaments. Trading was common at that time but there doesnt seem to have any specialized merchant class. French and british traders began to buy furs, and in return they offered iron tools, weapons and alcohol , all of which the native peoples valued highly. This resulted in economic and cultural changes among the native peoples, who were to play a critical role in the early fur trade. Canada was a largely per-industrial agricultural society at confederation in 1867. People belonged to large families and lived on farms. Farms were only source of income for them as they often supported entire families generation after generation. Urbanization process passed four major phases. Canada became an urban nation quite early as compared to others. The first stage began with the founding of Quebec in 1608. Quebec City, Montreal, Halifax and St Johns tended to be the administrative centers. From the mother country there were entrepots, collection agencies for colonial staples and distribution centers of manufactured goods. Primary connection was the overseas metropolis because of which there was lack of significant connections with other towns in the colonies. Dependence on water transport powered byu wind and sail was another common feature of urban centers during this period. Fishery and fur trade were exploited by permanent European settlers who came to Canada. Due to the reason that the climate and soil were not encouraging, agricultural progress was slow until the end of 17th century. English-speaking merchants engaged in the fur trade; after the Conquest (1759-60), when many British businessmen began to control a large portion of the fur trade from Montreal, they also quickly extended their interests throughout commerce and finance.. The population grew through natural increase and through immigration from Britain. The good agricultural land in the St Lawrence Valley had almost been taken up by 1820s. In 1821, after the North West Company merged with the Hudsons Bay Company the transcontinental fur trade was no longer managed from Montrà ©al. By that time Upper and Lower Canada had developed an immense trade in timber, which went first to Britain and then, after mid century, to the US and domestic buyers. Second phase of urbanization started in early 1800s and was marked by the increasing control of commercial interests. By dominating their immediate region several cities began to assume metropolitan functions. There was a move away from an exclusive reliance on staples export to a new concern for regional and inter regional commerce and small scale artisanal production for a local or regional market. Industrial revolution took place in 1815 and 1914. The use of new technologies in transportation was a third aspect of the economic reorientation. In this phase, the form of cities is not readily definable but a number of features distinguish them from both their predecessors and successors. The most important factor was transport which played an essential role in the development of bigger, functionally more specialized towns from 1830. National rail network was established in 1840s due to which a fully integrated urban system developed and the constraints of time and distance . This led to a period of great change in the structure of the urban system and the extent, characteristics and internal and external relations. There was no significant European population until the 1780s in the present-day Ontario, although its waterways were used by the fur traders. There was a beginning of settlement with the arrival of the United Empire Loyalists, British and American settlers, and British troops and officials. export trades in wheat, potash and timber developed and forest land was cleared. A few roads and canals were built, of which the most important were the Welland Canal and St Lawrence River canals. most good land in the province had been claimed by 1867, although not all of it was under cultivation. Quebec contained 3 towns, Montreal, Quebec and Trios-Rivieras at the conquest. With settlement and with the development of commerce and government a lot of towns appeared. much of central Canadas industry, including the 2 great industries, milling and lumbering, was dispersed through the countryside or in small villages in 1871. Rapid industrialization and urbanization occurred in both provinces after c onfederation. By 1911 half of Ontarios population lived in cities and towns. less than one-fifth of the Quebec population lived in cities at the time of confederation. Thirty years later the proportion surpassed one-third. Urbanization was undoubtedly the most salient phenomenon in Quebec at the start of the 20th century. Only 36% of the population lived in cities; thirty years later, that proportion had reached 60%. Due to development in industry there was an increased rate in growth of cities. in Montreal the phenomenon was particularly visible, then the industrial hub of Canada. Within thirty years, its population more than doubled, growing from 107,000 in 1871 to 268,000 in 1901 (or 325,000 counting the suburbs). Montreal became Canadas uncontested metropolis when it outgrew Quebec city from 1830 onwards. Population comprised of working class, yet the countrys most powerful businessmen lived there as well. Population growth was slower in Quebec city. Population was just under 60 ,000 in 1871 and still below 70,000 in 1901. In smaller cities such as Hull, Sherbrooke, Valley field, Saint-Hyacinth, Saint-Jerome and Magog industrialization became evident. The largest of these had populations of only 11,000-14,000, but they bore witness to an important transformation in Quebec society. In british north American railway fever came a little late which had a small population and much of its capital tied up in the expansion of its CANALS AND INLAND WATERWAYS. But it did not take long for politicians and entrepreneurs to realize the potential benefits. In 1841 ,the Province of Canada (1841) was an enormous country. Its roads were poor and its waterways were frozen for up to 5 months per year. GRAND TRUNK Railway was the most ambitious pre-Confederation railway project in Canada. It was a bold attempt by Montreal to capture the hinterland of Canada West and traffic from American states in the Great Lakes region. But unfortunately Canadians did not have enough money and technicians to build it. In the process of Industrialization the railways played an integral role, tying together and opening up new markets while, at the same time, themselves creating a demand for fuel, iron and steel, LOCOMOTIVES AND ROLLING STOCK. Wooding-up stations were required at regular intervals along the line and the pioneer wood burning locomotives had huge appetites. James of Toronto made first locomotive in Canada in 1853. (the Toronto No. 2 of the Ontario, Simcoe and Huron). As a consequence, railway greatly stimulated engineering particularly with the demand for BRIDGES and TUNNELS. There were a few inventions by Canadians, notably the first successful braking system (W.A. Robinson, 1868) and the rotary snowplough (J.W. Elliott, 1869; developed further by O. Jull), which made possible safe, regular travel in Canadian winters. Zone system was devised by the great railway engineer Sanford Fleming to over the confusion of clocks varying from community to community along the rail routes. Low rolling friction of iron-flanged wheels on iron rails and steam locomotion enabled George Stephenson (the first of the great railway engineers) to design and superintend the building of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway (1830), which began the railway age in England. steam locomotion, the standard gauge (1.435 m) and the rolled-edge rail (bellying out on the underside for strength) were the characteristics of the railway which were established in the early stage. Ind ustries such as tailoring and shoe making were becoming factory activities, and provincial governments began to regulate working conditions from 1870 to 1900. the industries in the cities eventually won the competition with the rural industries.Urbanization started in 19th century because of the industrialization that took place. Because of bad sanitary conditions and diseases, cities still needed many new people every now and again. But gradually with the passage of time there was an increase in number of people and cities. There were several types of cities: cities with textile industry, cities with heavy industry and administrative/commercial cities. Transportation was affected by industrial revolution. Bicycles, steamships and trains made it easier for people to move further away. The third phase, which began with the industrial era in the 1870s and lasted until the 1920s, saw the development of a national urban system that tended to concentrate power in major central Canadian cities, notably Montreal and Toronto. It attracted a steady supply of rural Canadians to the cities. The working poor was the new class that spawned instead. labor force, weak government protection, and social discrimination was faced by these families. Industrialization had caused Canadian cities to double, which brought wealth to the society, but that wealth was not shared. Although industrialization did provide thousands of jobs, it did not create an egalitarian society. With the arrival of railway numerous cities expanded or took advantage of railway development to consolidate their position in the economy. Montreal, for example, which was already the business and financial hub of British North America owing to its port installations, would extend its commercial influence over an increasingly larger zone following the arrival of the railway. The political economy of this industrial era was marked by the emergence of industrial capitalism and its counterpart, the industrial working class. The extent and nature of urban development was dependent on major improvements in the technological capacity of Canada. Science and engineering were systematically applied to transportation, communications, building methods and production. The outstanding physical characteristics of cities were the enormous spatial expansion of the suburbs and the tall office towers of the central core. The social landscape of cities was affected by the changing scale of development. A kind of giant ism prevailed, from the size of suburbs and the height of the buildings in the central core to the organization of new business enterprises and the building of enormous factories. Land use was increasingly specialized. Urbanization also affected cities less closely associated with the railway system. Saint John, New Brunswick, saw its population rise from 27,000 in 1840 to nearly 39,000 in 1861. The rise in population benefited from the growth in shipbuilding and maritime transportation, in particular. Due to this , the proportion of urban dwellers in the colonies as a whole went up from 13% in 1851 to 16% in 1861. The largest cities in British North America were Montreal, Quebec City, Saint John, Toronto, Halifax, Hamilton, Kingston, Ottawa and London on the eve of Confederation. Between 1896 and 1914, Central Canadas industrial advance was especially rapid when the whole nation experienced investment and export booms. A few industries such as carriage-making and blacksmithing declined after 1900. But soon after this new industries appeared like electrical equipment and chemicals in the 1890s, cars and aluminum after 1900, pulp and paper in. 1890-1914 Montreal and Toronto were the great cities of Central Canada by 1867. Montreal began as a port and a commercial centre. By 1900 it was producing large amounts of clothing and textile products, electrical equipment, railway rolling stock and many light industrial products. Finally by mid 19th century it was a place of industry. After 1867, Toronto after a slow and inauspicious beginning, developed after 1867 on similar lines, much of its early prosperity being based on Great Lakes shipping. Both cities had energetic banks and insurance companies and active stock exchanges. Immigrants were attracted to both cities from Europe and Italy. Cities of Central Canada were built by largely natural increase from britian between Confederation and 1914. Atlantic Canada Initially fur trading was common here but later on with serious economic development in the Atlantic provinces really began with the sea fisheries, whose markets were in Europe and later in the West Indies. Some francophone and anglophone migrants arrived during the 17th century on mainland, but the European population was small until the arrival of the Loyalists, partly because there was little good agricultural land. Scots settled on Cape Breton in early 19th century. Prosperity came from the fisheries, forests and maritime carrying trades. Western Canada In western Canada economic development began with fur trade. In 1812, settled agriculture began with Lord Selkirks RED RIVER COLONY. In 1880s the building of the Canadian Pacific Railway gave Manitoba a wheat economy. Prospects for development brightened as world prices rose, transport costs fell, methods of dryland farming improved, and more appropriate varieties of wheat became availablein 1890s. More progress was made and Prairie provinces enjoyed an immense expansion of the wheat economy, onto which was grafted, before 1914, a very much larger rail system, a network of cities and towns, coal mining and ranching. Because of this many migrants were attracted from many lands. T that time Alberta began to produce small quantities of oil and gas. In Early times most of the city dwellers got around on foot; only the richest could afford the services of a coachman or own their own horse but with the urban expansion , organized public transit came into being. In 1861, the first street cars appeared in Montreal and Quebec City. Then by 1982,electric streetcars made their appearance. At the start of 20th century , 46 urban centres had streetcar lines. Electric streetcars inaugurated in 1892 favoured the expansion of suburbs, since they allowed people to live further away from their places of work without having to travel long distances on foot Industrialization and urbanization brought about a lot of changes in work and family by early 20th century. The seniors who had retired and couldnt do any more work ended their lives in poor houses or old age homes, as they had come to be known. In the late 19th century the number of seniors who became poor increased as the process of industrialization began to affect Canadian society. More workers were needed as the factories were built in the cities. In the countryside the population grew to the point that people began to be forced off their farms into urban areas to work for wages. Later on, a revolutionary transformation occurred in human use of energy. Burning of wood to produce heat, plus human and animal muscle power were the biomass energy for human society. Then world entered the age of coal and steam power. It was the beginning of fossil fuel era and this is the era we live in today. the harnessing of steam power enabled humans to vastly multiply the energy generated from b urning coal, thereby greatly expanding the amount of energy. Petroleum was the second major fossil fuel by 1914. There was a significant development in communications and transport. Migration to long distances within continental spaces was done through steamships and railroads. Asian migrants, especially South Asians and Chinese, settled in many parts of the tropical world as well as in the Americas. Standard of living was increased and people were looking for more opportunities than they had in their native places. Another major environmental change was the enormous increase in population growth. The environmental impact of this dramatic population increase, combined with the surges in economic growth and energy consumption, was colossal. In Canada the earliest significant social piece of legislation was the Canadian Government Annuities (Act of 1908). It benefited and encouraged a lot of people to prepare financially for their retirement. With this facility, Canadians began to purchase various annuities for different amounts and leghts of time. There was a specific age when the recipient began to receive benefits from it. This system was carried out very nicely and all the costs were administered by the government. Federal civil servants were given pensions according to superannuation Act in 1870. Then the national pension programs were developed and enhanced more. In 1867, most of the Canadians did not retire. At that time Canada was predominantly an agricultural society. Majority of the population lived on farms and worked till old age as their was no other source of income. Canadian way of living was totally changed by urbanization and industrialization. With the invention of industries and new technology , farm life and family support system was completely dissolved. Before the old people had no choice except to work to earn their living but now they lived the rest of their live in old homes or poor houses.

The Waterfall :: Place Essay, Description Essaay

Visiting a waterfall, especially on a hot sultry day, can be a favorite way to spend a day. You get in your car, drive for miles, then get out and walk the remainder of the way to a waterfall. Civilization has cleared and marked a pathway for you and the many thousands like you who have come to enjoy these named landmarks. Rarely do you get to enjoy the natural beauty of one by just stepping out into your own backyard. Behind my house, barely noticeable, is a trail leading through the woods to a waterfall. The trail is narrow but well worn. Any shrubbery that would have grown has been trampled down and all that is left is a very narrow path, overhung with branches from the trees that mark its sides. As I start down the trail, I begin to feel the trees closing around me until the house can no longer be seen. I follow the trail to where it stops at the creek's edge, approaching quietly so as not to disturb any of the wild creatures that has come to enjoy the cool fresh water. I gently cross over the creek using the stones, which show the wear of several previous crossing, so that I can have full view of the creek and the beauty it possesses. I can hear the rush of the water long before I see the falls. As I sit down on the big gray slate rock that has been warmed by the early morning sun, I begin to gulp in the beauty as a starving man would gulp down food. I start my usual ritual of examining the banks of the creek by gazing down the right side of it first. I notice that the wild azaleas are in full bloom and that the trees have regained all their leaves. They stand tall and majestic as if they are soldiers standing guard. My gaze travels up one of the trees to find two squirrels chattering down at me as if to say "Go away and leave us in peace." Further down starts the gentle bend that takes the remainder of the creek from my view. My gaze shifts to the left side of the bank and there lies an old oak tree that has fallen long ago. It still lies partially upon its stump so that it looks like the shape of an "L".

Real Friend

A real friend is one who stands by his friend in the hour of his need person deserts his friend at a time when he needs him the most, he cannot be called a real friend if two persons simply know each other, and they can call friends. The real test of friendship is, therefore, not mere acquaintance but the will to render timely help to a friend in distress. It is indeed very di to find a true friend in this world. Of course, there have been a few examples of true friendship in this Lord Krishna and Susana were class-fellows. They had studied under same Guru.When they grew up, Lord Krishna became a king, but became a pauper. Once Sudama went to Lord Krishna to seek his help, Krishna welcomed his old friend with open arms. He sent out his men to a palatial house for Sudama and gave liberal financial assistance to his ft to overcome their poverty. Lord Krishna thus proved to be a real friend of’ Sudama. Another classical example is that of the abiding friendship between’ Ma rx and Engels. Karl Marx was a great philosopher but very poor, where friend Engels was a rich mill-owner. The friendship between them was so1 that they wrote books together.Engels always helped his friend Marx money. Nowadays true and faithful friends are very rare. All that glitters is gold. We should always distinguish between good and bad friends. We should remember that only a person who is sincere and honest prove to be a good friend. A good friend is a source of happiness he not only our joys but also our sorrows. A rich student can help his poor friend with money. If the poor friend is brilliant in studies, he can help his rich friend by helping him in his studied other words, each person should help the other with whatever one Friendship is a two-way traffic.It grows on mutual trust and help. I am very fortunate that I have a real friend. He is Mr. Mohan Lai. He best friend. We have been studying together in the same school for teeny He lives near my house. We spend most of our time together. My friend belongs to a rich family. His father is the Manager and mother is also employed. She is a teacher in a Public School. They live bungalow. Though his parents are well off, they are not proud of their wealth. They are very God-fearing persons. They treat me as their own son. They love me very much.My friend is a brilliant student. He always stands first in the class. We study together. He helps me in studying subjects in which I am weak so that I may catch up with him. I am not jealous of him. Rather, I am grateful to him for helping me in my studies. Unfortunately, my friend was not very good in sports. But I am a very good player of cricket. I have, therefore, been coaching him in the game of cricket. He has learnt a lot about this game. By constant and regular practice under my guidance he has become a first class player of cricket.His health has also improved a lot. He is grateful to me for grooming him in the game of cricket. My friend is the monitor of our class. He is very popular among our classmates. He is liked by his teachers. He has cordial relations with one and all. He helps the poor in every possible way. He coaches them in his spare time. He lends his books to them. If a poor student is unable to pay his fee, Mohan Lai comes to his rescue by paying his fee. Once my friend won a cash prize of Rs. 200 for writing the best essay on a given topic he donated the entire amount of Rs. 00 to the Poor Students’ Fund of our school. He is well-known for his compassion for the poor. My friend hates evil but not the evil-doer. He avoids bad company but does not hate those who have fallen prey to it. He feels that is better to reform them. Our friendship has stood the test of time. We have always helped each other all these years. We have never allowed any misunderstanding to come our way. We stand by each other through thick and thin. We are proud that we are real friends and will remain so throughout our lives.

Bush essays

Bush essays For months now, the Bush Administration has been preparing the nation, and the world, for an inevitable confrontation with Iraq. This is a war a long time in the making. This war comes with many problems and many prespectives. The major conflict which is most likely to push The United States to war, is Iraq's lack of coaporation to satisfy United Nations demands over weapons inspections. Nobody ever thought that The United States could be attacked . After September 11th we knew that things could never be the same. Since then Iraq has become a clear and present threat to our saftey. Iraq refusing to coaporate with us makes it more likely that we will go to war with them. As long as The United States feels that Iraq is a possible threat to the nations saftey then war is a possibility. The threat of our saftey was possible long before Setember 11th. Saddam Husen leader of Iraq has always been uncoaprotive with mass distruction weapons. He had used weapons of mass destruction in the past. As far as we know he had never stopped in trying to develope them. We are just trying to help I raq. A Democratic Democracy would help liberize the Arab world. The people of Iraq are treated horrible. The Iraq goverment is a threat not only to the United States but to the whole world. Although many of the allies have not stepped up to help us. Iraq is not only attacking The United States he is attacking our belifes. Which many other contries share with us. Nobody wants to live in a world ran like Iraq. The war is in effort to stop Iraq before they are able to attack us unexpectedly. Why dont they want to hand over their weapons? The question is though are we going to war with Iraq or terrorrisom? Who and what are we scared of? If it is terrorism that we are trying to prevent and control then war is wrong. Al Queda will be at war with the U.S. no matter what we do in Iraq. Containment has worked for over 10 years and inspection might still be help...

9 recursos para hacer frente a la deportacin

9 recursos para hacer frente a la deportacin Todos los extranjeros, incluidos los residentes permanentes legales, pueden ser deportados por mà ºltiples causas. Cuando un inmigrante est en un proceso de deportacià ³n, o se ha dictado en su contra una orden de salida de Estados Unidos, tiene a su alcance una serie de recursos frente a la deportacià ³n que puede utilizar. Deber elegir entre los mismos segà ºn las caracterà ­sticas especà ­ficas de su caso y de su situacià ³n. 9 recursos frente a la deportacià ³n de inmigrantes 1. Salida voluntaria: es una modalidad de alivio discrecional de la deportacià ³n. Es decir, una corte en audiencia o las autoridades migratorias tienen libertad para decidir si la conceden. Permite que un extranjero abandone EEUU sin el estigma de la deportacià ³n. Pero su gran ventaja es que permite al inmigrante, una vez que se encuentre de regreso en su paà ­s, solicitar una visa para regresar a EEUU, que podr ser concedida o denegada, segà ºn las circunstancias de cada caso. 2. Cancelacià ³n de la deportacià ³n (conocida como relief of removal en inglà ©s) es otro recurso frente a la deportacià ³n de inmigrantes. Los requisitos para solicitarla varà ­an segà ºn el caso: si se es un residente legal permanente, si no se es, o si es una và ­ctima de violencia domà ©stica. En ningà ºn caso la persona que solicite la cancelacià ³n de la deportacià ³n puede haber sido condenada anteriormente por haber cometido una felonà ­a o delito agravado. 3. Asilo: puede ser un recurso frente a la deportacià ³n. Se puede conceder a las personas que acrediten que no pueden regresar a su paà ­s porque allà ­ han sido perseguidos o teman por motivos fundados que puedan serlo por razà ³n de su opinià ³n polà ­tica, raza, religià ³n, nacionalidad o pertenecer a un determinado grupo social. Entre los requisitos mà ­nimos para que el asilo se conceda se encuentran el haberlo solicitado en el plazo de un aà ±o a contar desde la fecha de entrada en EEUU, no haber sido condenado por una felonà ­a o delito agravado y no ser un riesgo para la seguridad nacional. No debe confundirse el asilo con el aplazamiento de la expulsià ³n (withholding of removal, en inglà ©s), que es una proteccià ³n temporal. Para que se conceda el inmigrante debe demostrar durante el proceso de deportacià ³n que, si regresa a su paà ­s, existe una probabilidad de que ser torturado que es mayor a la de que no lo ser. Si consigue probarlo, el aplazamiento de la expulsià ³n deber necesariamente ser otorgado. 4. Ajuste de estatus: es un proceso por el que un extranjero adquiere la condicià ³n de residente permanente legal. En el caso de una deportacià ³n, durante el proceso el inmigrante puede solicitar al juez que ajuste su estatus, siempre y cuando el interesado cumpla una serie de requisitos. Salvo excepciones muy concretas, no se concede el ajuste de estatus a personas contra las que con anterioridad se dictà ³ una orden de deportacià ³n. 5. Mocià ³n para reabrir un caso: se presenta ante un juez de inmigracià ³n cuando el inmigrante tenga acceso a una nueva prueba que sea importante y que no tuviera a su disposicià ³n durante la audiencia de deportacià ³n. Deber presentarse en los 90 dà ­as siguientes a la orden final de deportacià ³n. Esta mocià ³n no suspende la ejecucià ³n de la deportacià ³n, que sigue su curso, a menos que la corte o el DHS acuerde un aplazamiento de la deportacià ³n. 6. Mocià ³n para revisar un caso de deportacià ³n: se presenta ante el Tribunal de Apelaciones de Inmigracià ³n, informacià ³n en inglà ©s (BIA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s). Su objetivo es que se revise el caso argumentando que ha habido un error en la aplicacià ³n de la ley o en los hechos. Deber presentarse esta en los 30 dà ­as siguientes al dictamen firme de la orden de deportacià ³n. Al igual que ocurre con la mocià ³n para reabrir el caso, aquà ­ tampoco se suspende el proceso ordinario de ejecucià ³n de la deportacià ³n a menos que una corte o el DHS ordene un aplazamiento de la misma. 7. Aplazamiento de la deportacià ³n (conocido como stay of removal en inglà ©s): es una suspensià ³n temporal de la ejecucià ³n de una orden de deportacià ³n. Es automticamente concedida en los casos de apelacià ³n, pero discrecional en otros supuestos. 8. Apelacià ³n administrativa: una vez que un juez de inmigracià ³n ha dictado una orden de deportacià ³n, el afectado puede recurrir la decisià ³n ante el BIA. Asimismo, si el Departamento de Seguridad Interna (DHS, por sus sigles en inglà ©s) no est de acuerdo con la decisià ³n del juez de inmigracià ³n, tambià ©n puede apelar. La decisià ³n del BIA en vinculante, es decir, debe ser obedecida tanto por el juez de inmigracià ³n que fallà ³ en primera instancia como por el DHS y el inmigrante. En dicha decisià ³n se puede confirmar la decisià ³n judicial original o cambiarla, es decir, puede dejar sin efecto la orden de deportacià ³n. En casos muy extraordinarios, el Procurador General de Estados Unidos puede alterar una decisià ³n del BIA. 9. Apelacià ³n judicial. En casos muy especiales se permite que un inmigrante apele la decisià ³n del Tribunal de Apelaciones de Inmigracià ³n (BIA) ante una corte federal. Todas las formas de alivio discrecional que corresponde al inmigrante probar que reà ºne los requisitos legales para que se le conceda el alivio y que se lo merece. La Corte tiene libertad para decidir si lo concede o no. En el caso de salida voluntaria no es necesaria la audiencia en Corte, ya que puede ser acordada por las autoridades migratorias. Consejos Si mientras dura la espera para presentarse en Corte si se produce un cambio de domicilio a otro estado, es posible solicitar un cambio de corte. Las revisiones de los procesos de deportacià ³n que se estn llevando a cabo en casos muy concretos y por decisià ³n de las autoridades migratorias suponen la no deportacià ³n del inmigrante beneficiado, pero a diferencia de recursos de alivio como el ajuste de estatus o el asilo, en esos casos el inmigrante no gana el derecho a una residencia permanente. En otras palabras, no va a ser deportado pero tampoco es legalizado. El presidente Obama autorizà ³ dos pequeà ±os alivios. Uno para Dreamers que cumplen con los requerimientos para solicitar la Accià ³n Diferida. El otro para familiares de militares mediante la parole in place. Beneficios y perdones Los inmigrantes con peticiones antiguas aprobadas pero que no finalizaron los trmites podrà ­an estar protegidos por la norma 245(i). Si se cree que se tiene derecho a este beneficio, consultar con un abogado. Si se produce una deportacià ³n, en algunos casos es posible pedir el perdà ³n I-212  y, posiblemente, otro perdà ³n al mismo tiempo para no tener que cumplir fuera de Estados Unidos todos los aà ±os del castigo. NOTA Este artà ­culo es meramente informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

An analysis of how photography addresses ideas about still life, with Essay - 1

An analysis of how photography addresses ideas about still life, with particular reference to the works of Irving Penn Still Life - Essay Example rtant element complementing composition and the message conveyed by the artwork or â€Å"communicating allegorical or latent meanings† (Martineau, p.6); it later developed as an independent art form, acquiring its own definition, canons and traditions. Most dictionaries give the following definition to still life: it is a picture that consists of inanimate objects like flowers, fruit, vessels or dead game. But on the other hand, still life as a genre has always been a subject to cultural influences that formed differences in defining and thinking of this genre. The first photographic still life picture emerged about a decade before the official announcement of photography invention in 1839 (Martineau, p.6). Nicephore Niepce, the inventor, was an author of the picture named Set Table depicting a laid table offering a meal for one person. The objects on the picture are rounded by deep shadows (the evidence of lengthy exposure), and the austerity of the photographed meal conveys allusions to Da Vinci’s Last Supper (Martineau, p.6). As photography emerged as a revolutionary art enabling â€Å"painting† not with brushes, but with light, the golden age of painting was gradually replaced by the age of digital fine art. Photography virtually borrowed almost all genres from painting, vesting them in the form of new technologies and using new means to create a desirable effect. In this way, still life migrated to photography, carrying all the key traditions of conventional still life painting to the newly invented art. Particularly, the photographers working at the dawn of photography practiced nature morte as one of the principal genres, using the same objects of depiction their predecessors used to paint with oil or watercolor. Thus, first attempts in photography mirrored compositions used previously in pictorial art (Ingledew, p. 57). The reason pioneers of photography such as Roger Fenton chose still life as the most favorable genre and inanimate objects as their

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 13

Case Study Example However a host EJ had a negative incident with a guest and she lost a lot of her belongings and suffered losses. She posted the incident in different networking sites and it soon became viral. The site was late to respond to the problems of EJ and did little to address the issues. Airbnb as a responsible firm should have made sure that the guests that it is referring to the hosts. Moreover even after the complaint was lodged by the host, it did not take initiative to look into the matter. In EJ’s case the site should have contacted the guest and asked for proper explanations. Proper probes that would have provided detailed insights into the matter should have been conducted such that the positions of both the parties can be properly reviewed. The results of the probe would have declared the guilty party and if proved guilty the guest should have been asked to pay for the damage done to the host. In case the host was found guilty defamation charges should have been filed agains t the host. But the site had taken no such initiative till the matter started getting widely publicised. There were repeated complaints regarding the site’s credibility and the firm should have taken initiative to resolve the issues such that it could ensure maximum customer satisfaction. Moreover customer review system is faulty in the case of the site and needs reviewing. The guests who decline requests due to inappropriate customer profiles are penalised by way of low rankings on the site. It also has a very dysfunctional customer service that failed to address the customer issues. On the site’s portal there are various complaints from the customers who have faced difficulty regarding registering their house and also from guests who had repeatedly found their bookings cancelled without any proper justification. The guests have tried to contact the customer care service